Compliance Mapping

GDPR & ISO 27001 Overlap with the EU AI Act

If your organisation is already GDPR-compliant or ISO 27001 certified, you have a head start — but significant gaps remain. This mapping shows exactly what carries over and what still needs to be built.

Legend
Covered
Partial
Not covered

Data governance & documentation

Article 10

Requires training data documentation, bias checks, and provenance records

GDPRCovered

Article 30 records of processing cover data provenance and purpose

ISO 27001Covered

A.8 Asset management covers data classification and ownership

Gap: AI Act adds bias detection and demographic representativeness requirements not covered by GDPR or ISO 27001

Risk management system

Article 9

Requires continuous risk management covering accuracy, bias, and foreseeable misuse

GDPRPartial

DPIA (Article 35) covers high-risk processing but is narrower in scope

ISO 27001Covered

ISO 27001 Clause 6.1 requires formal risk assessment and treatment

Gap: AI Act risk management is ongoing across the system lifecycle — not a one-time assessment. Must cover AI-specific risks like model drift and adversarial attacks

Technical documentation

Annex IV

Nine-section technical file covering architecture, training, validation, and monitoring

GDPRNot covered

No equivalent requirement

ISO 27001Partial

A.12 Operations documentation covers some system design records

Gap: Annex IV documentation is largely new work for both GDPR-only and ISO 27001 certified organisations

Incident logging & audit trails

Article 12

Automatic event logging throughout system operation with tamper protection

GDPRPartial

Article 33 requires breach logging but not full audit trails

ISO 27001Covered

A.12.4 Logging and monitoring covers audit trail requirements

Gap: ISO 27001 logging covers security events. AI Act logging must cover model decisions and outputs — typically requires additional tooling

Human oversight mechanisms

Article 14

Technical measures enabling humans to monitor, intervene in, and override AI outputs

GDPRPartial

Article 22 right not to be subject to automated decisions (with exceptions)

ISO 27001Not covered

No direct equivalent

Gap: AI Act human oversight must be built into the product UI — not just a policy right. Most organisations will need to add product features

Transparency to users

Articles 13 & 50

Instructions for use for deployers; AI disclosure for end users

GDPRCovered

Articles 13-14 require comprehensive transparency notices

ISO 27001Not covered

No direct equivalent

Gap: GDPR transparency covers data use. AI Act transparency additionally requires disclosing how the AI works, its limitations, and how to exercise human oversight

Vendor/supplier management

Article 25

Provider obligations remain even when using third-party AI models

GDPRCovered

Article 28 processor agreements required for all third-party data processors

ISO 27001Covered

A.15 Supplier relationships covers third-party security requirements

Gap: AI Act adds obligation to understand and document third-party AI model characteristics, limitations, and training data — beyond standard data processor agreements

Accuracy & performance validation

Article 15

Validated accuracy across demographic groups; robustness and cybersecurity testing

GDPRNot covered

No equivalent requirement

ISO 27001Partial

A.14 System acquisition covers testing but not AI-specific performance metrics

Gap: Disparate impact testing across demographic groups is an AI Act-specific requirement with no equivalent in GDPR or ISO 27001

Post-market monitoring

Article 72

Formal post-market monitoring plan with data collection and incident reporting

GDPRNot covered

No equivalent requirement

ISO 27001Partial

Clause 9 performance evaluation covers ongoing monitoring but not AI-specific drift

Gap: AI Act requires a documented monitoring plan specifically tracking model performance, drift, and real-world incidents — typically new work

Conformity assessment & registration

Articles 43 & 49

Conformity assessment and EU AI database registration before market placement

GDPRNot covered

No equivalent requirement

ISO 27001Partial

ISO 27001 certification provides third-party validation but is not EU AI Act conformity

Gap: Completely new requirement. ISO 27001 certification does not substitute for EU AI Act conformity assessment

Summary for certified organisations

GDPR compliance covers transparency, data governance, and user rights — saving roughly 20–30% of EU AI Act compliance work for high-risk systems.

ISO 27001 certification covers risk management, logging, and supplier management — saving an additional 15–25% of compliance work.

What remains regardless of existing certifications: Annex IV technical documentation, AI-specific accuracy and bias testing, human oversight product features, post-market monitoring plan, and EU database registration.